External or Internal Disaster in Organization

Distinctive Business is influenced by inward and outside elements. These perspectives have critical impacts in transit business associations are working. One of these is the supposed catastrophes in an organization.Disasters might be considered as outside if the powers occurs from the outer condition of the association, similar to globalization, worldwide budgetary emergency, mechanical changes and others while web calamities are those that occurs inside the association like inability to offer quality support, failure to showcase the items and administration well, powerlessness to deal with dangers which influences the general execution of the organization.Primarily, the objective of this paper is to think about an inner fiasco from one of the most disputable associations in the market, I. . the instance of Enron. Inside Disaster Aforementioned, one of the most discussed issues and fiascos in the business is the inspecting just as bookkeeping disappointment of Enron. It is considered as the biggest liquidation and stock breakdown (Fox 2003). Before the organization confronted this issue, Enron has been considered as a significant American vitality industry. The occasions or catastrophes that came about to the chapter 11 and breakdown began some time before anybody had speculated extortion and inconsistencies at the industry.In this calamity, two names have been noted: Arthur Andersen and Enron. One of the fiascos that tested the organization is the failure of the administration to envision the bad behaviors of Arthur Andersen. The fiascos are focused in inspecting viewpoints not long before Enron declared financial insolvency. For instance in 1996, Andersen’s review report with respect to Waste Management funds were found to be unessential and physically bogus that outcomes in expansion of Income of the organization by over $1 billion in the center time of the 1990s.On the other hand, in 1997, it has been discovered by the SEC that Sunbean has utilized b ookkeeping stunts to make bogus benefits and deals and Andersen’s job in this debacle is that he closed down these monetary reports occasion after an industry accomplice hailed them. In this, the organization confronted serious catastrophe of collaborating or recruiting a reviewing and counseling ventures which is doubtful and flippant. In spite of the fact that the organization has not known, Enron still has a few intends to forestall such issue.However, the activity of the organization with regards to their money related review has been exceptionally frail that it prompts their significant chapter 11. To have the option to tackle this sort of catastrophe, Enron the executives has given debacle designs by recognizing the root f the issue. In the wake of knowing the issue about Arthur Andersen, the administration quickly looks for outsider help to clear the issue by making Andersen pay for the outrages and inconsistencies he has done.On one hand, another calamity looked by th e organization is in accordance with the wasteful and vital dynamic methodology and furthermore having uncertain and unclear firm financial and practice points. In spite of the fact that Enron has some administration plan, the organization has not had the option to execute this arrangement well. For example, The CEO of Enron had different item designs which required major budgetary help; the association during that period was likewise experiencing serious debacles in their worldwide businesses.In expansion, it was not until Enron was monetarily unsteady did the organization begins to accomplish something. In order to determine this sort of catastrophe, the association executed various methodologies. In any case, the methodology of the organization just went from one significant debacle of misfortune to the next. On account of the disappointment of the administration of the association to have key dynamic, this lead to serious fiasco of speculations and associations, the organization ’s development eased back down . Accordingly a greater amount of its ineptitudes and disappointments had developed progressively obvious (Zellner et al. 2001).Bankruptcy and different bodies of evidence against the organization had come about to their insolvency. Also, different workers of the association had lost their school reserves, life investment funds, and annuities alongside the breakdown of the organization. In this, it tends to be said that the administration of Enron must have the option to have key dynamic for the future to persistently continue the quality of the organization. So as to fathom this debacle, the association has had the option to start a legitimate and vital dynamic of the company.Herein, the company’s choice ought to be made deliberately by distinguishing first the upsides and downsides of the choice that they made. The administration makes sure that everyone ought to consent to the choice so further clash or dangers inside the organization would not emerge. Great dynamic can be ascribed as one of the essential factors that will assist the business with achieving its center crucial goal. This option is useful such that it can make the organization increasingly serious and get by in the showcasing condition. ConclusionThere are numerous exercises that can be gained from the instance of Enron and Arthur Andersen. It very well may be reasoned that, in light of the instance of Enron, it is significant that each person in the business field should realize how to oversee or to deal with calamities, explicitly inside fiascos all together for the business to make progress and to have the option to oversaw it viably. For our situation, it is significant that the exercises gained from Enron and Arthur Andersen outrage should fill in as edification in making a productive hazard the executives manual

Sx wk2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sx wk2 - Essay Example This is the place Freud recommends that youngsters start to frame a fascination in their inverse sexed parent. In the fourth stage, called the inactivity stage, the kid has lethargic sexual emotions as opposed to following up on them (six years of age to pubescence). At last in the fifth stage, the kid is starting to show enthusiasm for their private parts and they will be they are starting to begin sexual action or possibly discussing it (adolescence and up). (Feist and Rosenberg, 2010, p. 505). Freud accepted that sexuality was a characteristic encounter for an individual. He accepted that there was nothing amiss with homosexuality and it was not under any condition obsessive. He said that every person are inherently promiscuous (Bohan, 1996, p. 76). Essentially he felt that heterosexuality and homosexuality were characteristic outgrowths of human sexuality. He likewise considered it a formative mutilation (Bohan, p. 76). Freud imagined that kids decided their sexuality when they were more youthful and it would rely upon the relationship that the kid had with their folks. He accepted that both heterosexuality and homosexuality came structure an emasculation complex when a kid discovered that his mom was not quite the same as he was on the grounds that she didn't have a penis; a kid could likewise have issues splitting endlessly from a mother who was tyrannical (Faqs.org). He likewise observed that young men and young ladies had their first attractions to individuals of the other gender when they wound up pulled in to their other gender parent. He expressed that young men would build up an Oedipus Complex and young ladies would build up an Electra Complex. He accepted that regardless of what the sexuality, it was a solid outgrowth of improvement. Freud was an exceptionally fascinating man and it is realized that he concentrated for the most part the individuals who were in mental foundations where he worked. This is the reason numerous specialists censure his work. Do you feel that considering the intellectually not well polluted his outcomes? Would you feel that the

How Marijuana Use Impairs Learning and Social Skills

How Marijuana Use Impairs Learning and Social Skills Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Print Heavy Marijuana Use Affects Learning and Social Skills Strong Link Found to Marijuana and Lowered Intellect Levels By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 03, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 23, 2019 Chris Hondros Collection/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Cocaine Heroin Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Numerous scientific research studies have shown that heavy marijuana use can negatively affect a persons learning abilities and social skills.?? The studies suggest that a person who smokes marijuana every day may be functioning at a reduced intellectual level even during periods of brief abstinence.?? The upside is after four weeks of quitting the drug, in most cases, people who had used marijuana for long periods of time could recover their cognitive abilities. Although, there is some evidence to the contrary for children under the age of 18. What the Research Says The National Institute on Drug Abuse  (NIDA) looked at 11 scientific research studies and concluded that heavy marijuana use, which is defined as smoking marijuana 27 days in 30 days, has a significant impact on persons ability to learn, remember what they learned, and function in society. General Effects of Heavy Marijuana Use According to the  research results, heavy marijuana use revealed a link to several problems in personality and memory. The potential link to depression, anxiety, and personality disorders.??Decrease the ability to learn and remember information, making it more likely to fall behind the norm on developing intellectual, job, and social skills.??Dampened the ability to remember and learn for days and weeks after abstinence from marijuana use.?? Marijuana Myths, Facts, and Treatments Effects of Daily Marijuana Use on Students The research results of daily marijuana use by students also showed problems in focus, scholastic performance, and memory.?? Students were getting lower grades and becoming less likely to graduate, compared to students who did not use marijuana.Students had significantly impaired skills related to attention, memory and learning even after not using marijuana for 24 hours.Students had problems in sustaining and shifting attention.Students had problems with the ability to register, organize and use information, even compared to occasional users of marijuana.Students had an impaired ability to recall words from a list a week after quitting marijuana use. Effects on Work Performance Findings from the  research of heavy marijuana users in the workplace showed problems in absences, tardiness, accidents, and cognitive abilities.?? People in the workplace who used marijuana were more likely to experience increased absences (75 percent), tardiness, accidents, workers compensation claims, and job turnover.People in the workplace who tested positive for marijuana use had 55 percent more industrial accidents and 85 percent more injuries compared to non-marijuana users.??Heavy marijuana abusers self-report that their use of the drug had negative effects on their cognitive abilities, career status, social life, and physical and mental health.? Consequences of Early Marijuana Use A persons brain is still developing up until the early 20s. Experts agree that the later someone begins using marijuana the better.?? A Duke University study found that children who smoke marijuana at least weekly before age 18 displayed lasting harm to their intelligence, attention, and memory compared with those who began using marijuana after age 18.?? The study also found that, unlike adults, quitting marijuana use did not entirely reverse the cognitive damaged caused by regular marijuana use. How Long Does Marijuana Stay In Your System?

Example Of A Mission Statement - 1149 Words

Question 1:- Contrast the following terms: a. Mission; Objective statements; competitive strategy b. Corporate strategic planning ; ISP c. Top-down planning; bottom-up planning d. Low-cost producer; product differentiation; product focus or niche Answer 1:- a. Mission Statement – A Mission statement is in general an action statement which is usually short ,simple and direct, capturing the essence of what your business or organization wants to accomplish and how. It is a declaration of an organization’s core purpose answering the question, â€Å"why do we exist?† and specific enough that employees public will know, â€Å"this is what we do†, â€Å"what to expect from us† moreover â€Å"how we may differ from our competitors†. A mission is a very big, long-term end-result or achievement. There may be objectives, goals, strategies, executions and tactics all used to achieve the mission, but the mission is the biggest and most important thing to be accomplished. The mission statement serves as an update — to you, your representatives, and your clients — of the main purpose of your business. Objective Statement - Once an organization has developed its mission statement, its next step is to develop the specific objectives that are focused on achieving that mission. Each objective, or level, is separated by a series of stepping stones that the business must climb to reach each objective. The stepping stones are goals. The goals, unlike the mission statement, are actionable and measurable steps.Show MoreRelatedWhat A Mission Statement Is And What It Should Look Like Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesExamples are a great way to understand what a mission statement is and what it should look like. One example of an effective mission statement is that of the Xerox company, which states, â€Å"We believe improving the flow of work is core to helping our clients be more successful and making the world a better place. By providing our customers with business process services, printing equipment, and software and solutions, we enable greater productivity, efficiency, work capacity a nd personalization† (XeroxRead MoreChapter 2: the Business Vision and Mission1258 Words   |  6 Pagesnature and role of vision and mission statements in strategic management †¢ Describe why mission statement is important †¢ Identify the components of mission statements †¢ Discuss how vision and mission statements can benefit strategic management activities †¢ Evaluate mission statements of different organizations †¢ Write good vision and mission statements Ch. 2-2  © 2001 Prentice Hall Comprehensive Strategic Management Model External Audit Vision Mission Statements Long-Term Objectives Read MoreA Mission And Vision Statement909 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction A mission and vision statement define a facility; it provides a statement of the companies goals, values and its purpose. All employees need to be aware of these values in-order to allow the company to succeed and to accomplish greater tasks. Baystate Noble is a small community hospital and its mission and vision statement define the hospital very well. Their statement states the following, â€Å"It is our mission to improve the health of our patients through innovative care in a personalizedRead MoreMission Statements : A Mission Statement Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluating Mission Statements Most successful companies have a mission statement. But, why is it important for a company to develop a mission statement? The purpose of the mission statement is to describe what a business provides and to whom they are providing for. A company’s mission statement is usually developed by those in upper management positions, the top leaders of the company. The mission statement is concise and it is used to communicate to the company’s customers, employees, and toRead MoreDiscussion Board Thread : Mission Statement865 Words   |  4 PagesThread Re: Missions Statement Definition: Anita Satterlee defines a missions statement as follows: â€Å"A mission statement is like an introductory paragraph: it lets the reader know where the writer is going† (Satterlee, 2013). Summary: Mary Kneeling is a supervisor for library media services for Newport News, and she was a past president of the Virginia association of school librarians. Mary has done a large amount of research on the topic to compose a detailed article on mission statements. Mary KeelingRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Mission Statement1617 Words   |  7 PagesWeek 2: Mission, Vision Values Qs 27 27 unread replies. 27 27 replies. 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It is the target of the associationRead MoreMission Vision Statements1101 Words   |  5 PagesMISSION amp; VISION STATEMENTS FedEx amp; Google Mission amp; Vision Statement Analysis Prepared for Prepared by October, 2013 MISSION STATEMENT â€Å"Mission statement  is a description of what an organization actually does – what its business is – and why it does it.† Often called the â€Å"credo†, â€Å"philosophy†, â€Å"core values† or â€Å"our aspirations†, organization’s mission is the statement that defines its core purpose or reason for being. It tells who a company is and what it does. AccordingRead MoreVision, Mission and Value Statements Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction I am going to discuss what the vision, mission and value statements are and how they are important to our business. Each statement has different qualities which I will discuss in my presentation. The future of our business and the Vision of who we are goes with our philosophy and ideals of who we want to be. The vision statement should inspire your employees and give them direction on how your organization intends them to act and give them purpose. It also, gives our members understandingRead MoreMission Statement Of Home Depot, Inc.1258 Words   |  6 Pagesmost important things an organization can and must do is have an effective mission statement. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the mission statements of Home Depot, Inc. and Nike, Inc. The first step is to give a brief history of each company and the clients they serve. Next, review each company’s mission statement and evaluate them based on a few criterions. For example, the relevance of the mission statement to the organization’s customers, their needs, is it realistic, is it clear

Education Is Key A Comprehensive Approach to Sex...

Sex education is about informing students about sex so that they can make educated decisions when the time comes to have sex. Sex education helps students protect themselves from unintended pregnancies, STDs, and HIV/AIDS. Students should leave a sex education course with the right tools so they make informed decisions about their sexual health and well-being. The goal of sex education is to provide a student with as much information as possible so that they can use the skills they learned in class for the rest of their lives. However, for some time now, sex education has been a hot button issue in the United States. The debate is over which form of sex education is best for students. In recent years there has been much debate†¦show more content†¦In my opinion, the best form of sex education for a student in my high school would have to be comprehensive sex education. Comprehensive sex education can reduce behaviors that put young people at risk of HIV, STDs, and pregnancy. I see sex education as being about providing students with enough information so that they can protect themselves against the dangers that come along with having sex. Without access to information about all aspects of not only sex, but also sexuality, teenagers will not be able to make the right decisions when it comes to their bodies. The best form of sex education is comprehensive sex education. Comprehensive sex education would be best for high school students because it lets students make their own choices about sex. If they want to save sex for marriage, it should be their decision. The good thing about a comprehensive approach to sex education is that although classes may touch on the subject of abstinence, students also learn about how to protect themselves from infections and pregnancy if they decide to engage in sexual activity. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation conducted a series of national surveys of students, parents, teachers, and principals, and found that â€Å"students who have sex education – regardless of the curriculum – know more and feel better prepared to handle different situations and decisions than those who have not.† There are numerous organizations that supportShow MoreRelatedComprehensive Sexual Education Of The United States1219 Words   |  5 PagesSmith refers to the inadequate sexual education of teenagers in the United States. Sexual education is the instruction on issues about bodily development, sex, sexuality, and relationships. Comprehensive sex education teaches about abstinence, condoms, and contraceptives to avoid sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and unplanned pregnancies. As well as, the skills needed to help young people explore their own values and options. Comprehensive sexual education should be taught in the United StatesRead MoreSex Education : Which Is Better? Essay1718 Words   |  7 PagesAbstinence or Comprehensive Sex Education: Which is better? Sex is in the air, everywhere. It is seen when the television is turned on in the morning, it is used to sell hamburgers and cereal, and is the cornerstone by which we gauge our success. Sex is everywhere and the youth of today need to be equipped to handle it safely. There are two primary paths that can be taken when referring to sexual education: Abstinence or a more comprehensive education. Abstinence education is the promotionRead MoreComprehensive Sexual Education Should Be Taught1240 Words   |  5 PagesWELL.† SMITH REFERS TO THE INADEQUATE SEXUAL EDUCATION OF TEENAGERS IN AMERICA. Sexual education is the instruction on issues about bodily development, sex, sexuality, and relationships. Comprehensive sex education teaches about abstinence, condoms, and contraceptives to avoid sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and unplanned pregnancies. As well as, the skills needed to help young people explore their own values and options. Comprehensive sexual education should be tau ght in public schools in theRead MoreSex Education Is An Important, Emotional And Controversial1645 Words   |  7 PagesSex education is an important, emotional and controversial topic to teach youth in today’s world. The question is, what is the best information, and the best way to teach them? Comprehensive sex education is teaching teens how to practice safe sex, providing teens with types of protection, and how to use it, as well as services and resources available to help them in making decisions to practice safe sex. Abstinence-only programs teach teens to not have sex, or anything â€Å"arousing† until marriageRead MoreKirsten Spears. Mrs. Hohl/4. English 112. Classical Argument.1404 Words   |  6 PagesArgument 9 March 2017 Sex Education: Is Abstinence Really the Only Option? Sex education for American youth has been a topic of discussion across the nation since the early 1980s. Teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted disease are two major problems throughout the U.S.. Sexually transmitted infections have been an ongoing problem for American people since World War I. To combat the growing teen pregnancy and STI rates, the U.S. established organized sex education. Since sex education has been integratedRead MoreTypes Of Integrative Review784 Words   |  4 PagesScholar and CINAHL; the keywords searched were â€Å"teen pregnancy† or â€Å"sex education† or â€Å"STI Prevention† and â€Å"digital† or â€Å"theory†; and, the years searched were inclusive of five years due to the limited research articles found otherwise. Using the guided questions as a foundation, the search strategy focused on (a) the effects of differing types of sex education taught to adolescents; (b) the use of a theoretical approach within sex ed ucation; and, (c) the use of technology in health promotion among adolescentsRead MoreSex Education And Sexual Education991 Words   |  4 PagesCountless avenues shape our knowledge of sex; whether its teachers, parents, media, or other sources. At some point most individuals receive an account of sex education. These lessons, connections, and knowledge we acquire impact our ideas about sex. The subject of my interview, whom we’ll refer to as Jessica, was no exception. Jessica is a 21-year-old, who grew up in a small, conservative North Carolina town. The public schools she attended taught sex education from an abstinence perspective and usedRead MoreA Research Study On Sex Education808 Words   |  4 Pagespeer reviewed journal Sex Education, investigates childism, or systematic discrimination against children, which stems from conservative beliefs that parents have high authority and children belong in the private sphere. Within the context of sex education, childism is a primary factor in programs that place the values of parents and society over the needs and rights of the child. While including discussions about the importance of personal and family values in sex education is reasonable, it is unreasonableRead MoreSexual Education : Teenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy1509 Words   |  7 PagesSexual Education In the future Sexual Education courses will prevent teen pregnancy and teen abortions as well as educate students about factors that can affect life such as the deadly disease AIDS and other STD’s, inform youth about making smart choices about sex now and in the future, prevents accidental pregnancies, and assist in empowerment and awareness against sexual violence. According to the article â€Å"State Policies on Sex Education in Schools† only 15% of states offer sex education. That’sRead More Abstinence-Only vs. Comprehensive Sex Education Essay2397 Words   |  10 PagesHIV/AIDS epidemic began in the U.S. in the early 1980s the issue of sex education for American youth has had the attention of the nation. There are about 400,000 teen births every year in the U.S, with about 9 billion in associated public costs. STI contraction in general, as well as teen pregnancy, have put the subject even more so on the forefront of the nation’s leading issues. The approach and method for proper and effective sex education has been hotly debated. Some believe that teaching abstinence-only

Japan and Capitalism Free Essays

string(31) " was barbaric and out of date\." Japan: Capitalism and the Economic Miracle The global triumph of capitalism was the most important historical issue of the nineteenth century. It was the triumph of a kind of society that believed in the fact that economic development was based on competitive private enterprise and the success of buying as much as possible from the market. It was considered that an economy resting on the solid foundations of the middle class, would not only create a world of properly distributed wealth, but also it would educate people, develop reasoning and increase human opportunity. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan and Capitalism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Summarizing, a world of continuous and rapid material and moral development. The few obstacles that remained in the path of this development would rapidly be solved or overcome. The history of this period is characterized by a massive breakthrough in the global economy of industrial capitalism. Certain regions of the world beyond capitalism were put under pressure by the capitalist countries who tried to gain insight in their economies by opening new markets, these regions were forced to choose between a determined resistance towards capitalism in accordance to their traditions and ways of life or a modernization process which would bring different cultural changes. Given this logic, Japan was during the mid-nineteenth century under pressure from the foreign powers and the crisis of their system based on the Shoguns. This situation led to Japan, to carry out a complete transformation process (economic, political and social) known as the Meiji Restoration, which marked the starting point of modern Japanese society. The introduction of the United States in the Pacific finally brought Japan to the center of Western attempts to â€Å"open† their markets. Direct resistance was impossible, the weak attempts to organize had already be shown. The simple diplomatic concessions were no more than a temporary expedient. Already in 1853-1854, Commodore Perry, from the United States Navy had forced them to open certain ports through the regular method of naval threatening. In 1862 the British, bombed the city of Kagoshima with complete impunity in retaliation for the murder of an Englishman by the Japanese. The presence of Western forces was, at this point, a legitimate fact of the everyday Japanese life. Finally in 1868 the Meiji Restoration was proclaimed, the Restoration based itself on the transfer of state power from the Shogun to the Emperor. This started a political, economic and social process that, after ten years of turmoil and provincial agrarian revolts led to the modernization of the state and national unity. Due to these facts the Meiji Restoration is considered the starting point of modern Japanese society. To carry out the task of â€Å"modernization† economic resources were anxiously needed in order to master the noble’s resistance, to suppress revolts and upheavals of provincial farmers, to compensate land owners, to protect, to promote the industry and to install  state manufacturing complexes. It was also important to modernize and equalize the state, the military and the bureaucratic system. Due to the limited development of industrial capital, the new government was forced to seek financial resources within the land, based on property taxes. But, in order to adapt to the changing needs of the state, these charges became tax money. These financial arrangements, established by the government of the restoration were the starting point of the land reforms. As for the early development of capitalism, the Japanese case marked clear differences with respect to what Western Europe had already experienced. In the West the state centralized manufacturing were disappearing during the bourgeois revolution, while in Japan state factories developed across the country, based on the steel market. Cloth factories and their machinery were quickly upgraded through a process known as industrial revolution â€Å"from above†, which is based on the help of the state to upgrade the existing industry. The number of state factories kept rising and peaked in the decade of the 1870-1880. After the 1880s, these companies protected by the government were then exposed to public auction and were then bought by the capitalists monopoly, some of these industries grew as rich as Mitsui or Mitsubishi, who maintained close contact with the state. The Japanese revolution, allowed the development of commercial activity and usurer capital of the old type, in order to avoid the abolishment of the feudal relations of land property, and to assure the freedom and autonomy of the independent peasantry and small craftsmen. Although the classic capitalistic revolution involved the change from commercial capital to industrial capital, the Japanese revolution followed another path. In Japan the industrial revolution as well as the transformation of commercial capital into industrial capital came about under the monopoly of the rich capitalists, which showed the main difference from that of Western European capitalism. It is clear that this particular structure was determined by the agricultural and the feudal systems of land property, which ensured the survival and multiplication of feudal relations of production within the Japanese agriculture. Revolutionary activists recognized that in order to carry out their purpose of saving the country, they required a process of systematic Westernization. By 1868 many had had contact with foreigners, some had even traveled abroad, people then began to recognize that conservation involved transformation. The driving force that moved Japan towards this transformation was its pursuit to become more Western. It looked like the West clearly had the secret of success and therefore Japan had to imitate it at all costs. Taking a set of values nd institutions of another society and implementing it into the Japanese society was a surprising, traumatic, and problematic attempt. However this attempt could not be done in a superficial and poorly controlled way, especially in a society which was profoundly different from the West. Many began with a strong passion for the West and anything that came from across them. For some people, the renovation seemed to imply the abandonment of all that was Ja panese, as they considered that all the past was barbaric and out of date. You read "Japan and Capitalism" in category "Essay examples" The proposals reached even to the renewal of the Japanese race, considered genetically inferior, and was began to be improved through interbreeding with the Western â€Å"superior race†, these suggestions were based on Western theories of racism and social Darwinism, they really found support at the higher and wealthy Japanese classes. Certain styles of life, such as clothing or food, were less adopted than the technological or architectural styles and ideas from the West. Westernization here raised a major dilemma, unlike what had happened prior with the adoption of Chinese elements by the Japanese. Since â€Å"all the Western† was not as simple and as coherent, it was a whole complex of institutions and ideas which in many cases were opposite to the traditional Japanese culture. In practice, the Japanese chose the British model, which naturally served as guide towards the development of the railroad, the telegraph, textiles, and many other methods of business. France inspired the legal reform and set the basis for the military reform. Universities based themselves on the German and American examples, as well as primary education, agricultural innovations and mailing systems. In 1875-1876 over five hundred foreign workers were employed, this number rose to three thousand by the 1890s. However choosing between the different political and ideological aspects was not that easy. Japan was politically against the liberal bourgeois systems of Britain and France. Liberalism was naturally opposed to the absolutist state, which was adopted in Japan after the Restoration. In turn, Westernization also was based on the adoptions of ideas, including Christianity which the Japanese people did not relate to. After some time, a strong systemic reaction against Westernization and the liberal model began to rise within the country. This reaction manifested itself in the constitution of 1889, mostly because of a neotraditionalist reaction which virtually invented the Shinto, a new religion based on the worship of the emperor. At this time the combination of selective neotraditionalism and modernization kept rising and was creating and giving shape to the new system. However, there was tension between those who believed that Westernization meant a complete revolution and those who believed that it was the key to economic progress. Beyond these internal contradictions, Japan carried out an incredible process of modernization that made it a formidable modern power, setting them apart from the rest of the Asian countries. At this time it was hard to imagine that, after half a century, Japan would be a great power capable of defeating their European counterparts in an armed confrontation. After the Restoration, the Meiji government had the task of fulfilling two main goals. On the one hand, they had to decide on whether or not to strengthen the army, in other words, to develop a military that allowed Japan to face the West. This decision marked the beginning of a disaster, as it is an important aspect to explain the origin of the conflicts that led to Japan to participate in the Second World War. The second goal of the Meiji policy dealt with economic development. The decisions taken in this field would undoubtedly be the most successful and enduring aspects of the Revolution. The war left Japan with major problems: over ten million unemployed, many demobilized former combatants, widespread destruction of homes and industrial plants, rising inflation, etc. Material losses were estimated to be at over a quarter of the national wealth. However, not all consequences were adverse. Unemployment meant that there was a lot of â€Å"labor† ready to use, the war had also raised the level of technology and production capacity of heavy industry in the field of iron, steel, machinery and chemicals. In addition to making use of these advantages, Japan had the United States behind their back. At first, the American aid was aimed towards achieving national self-sufficiency, taking measures to stop inflation (the Dodge plan 1949), coupled with substantial injections of capital and advanced technology. Another important event that had a direct impact on the Japanese movement towards capitalism was the Korean War. This war led the U. S. to invest twenty-three billion dollars in military spending. The occupation forces ordered every closed arm factory in Japan to be put into service, in full production, representing a major incentive for the Japanese production. In turn, the United States  boosted the Japanese trade, especially in Southeast Asia, where treaties were signed ordering Japan to provide different articles and services to countries that had previously been occupied. None of this would have been possible without a regeneration of the Japanese industry itself. From 1946, Japan started to create a series of economic, financial and banking institutions in order to stimulate economic recovery. The Council of Economic Stimulation was created with the mission of coordinating production and economic growth, and the Reconstruction Bank which had to channel capital to certain industries to achieve the stimulation. Following this, in 1948, the Economic Stabilization Board was formed, aiming to rise production levels, the following year the Ministry of International Trade and Industry was established. These institutions, along with the contribution from the United States, had laid the foundation on which the splendid building of Japanese economic development would later be later erected. Several factors contributed to this along with a consistent policy of official support. The world’s economy had entered a period of expansion, the Japanese industry enjoyed good relations between companies, facilitating the movement of employees to different industries and to higher productivity jobs, making it to be the key to further economic development. Other factors were; the United States transfer of technology to Japan, social changes such as land reform and the development of trade unions, which contributed to the improvement of the distribution of income and an expansion of the domestic market. With these stimuli the Japanese industry quickly recovered and was then beginning to expand. In the 1960s, the Japanese economy was dominated by a relatively small number of large-scale manufacturing firms such as Mitsubishi, Mitsui, Fuji and Sumtono, every one of which had at least seventy different affiliates. Besides these groups there were several companies that offered relatively new products such as electronics and automobiles. Including many of what today are worldwide firms such as Hitachi, Toyota, or Nissan. Because of the control from the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), they all enjoyed certain protection against foreign competition, while at the same time they were competing for a position in the domestic market, in order to avoid national monopolies. Another feature at this time was the development of products that needed advanced technology and heavy capital investment; this included industries such as steel and petrochemicals, consumer goods, cameras, televisions, boats, motorcycles and of course, cars. Japan was then becoming one of the largest producers of boats, cameras, televisions and cars in the world. In 1970, just over 30% of exports went to the United States, about 15% to Western Europe and more than 15% to Southeast Asia, where the main buyers were Hong Kong, Thailand, Philippines and Singapore. As 1973 finished the oil crisis began, resulting in the worldwide economic changes that ended the Japanese phase of exceptionally rapid economic growth. As a country dependent on oil, Japan experienced a huge increase in their import bills and a general rise on their prices. Rising oil prices had their biggest impact on high users of energy such as the steel industry and petrochemical industries which were once the center of the â€Å"Japanese economic miracle†. On the other hand, the global recession caused a fall in foreign demand for products such as boats, machinery and tools. When these changes began to take place, politicians from the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry decided to reorient the industry: moving away from the manufacturing of products that heavily relied on imported raw materials and focusing (especially through technological innovations) on the new technologies that reflected higher and newer principles. This category included the automotive industry, by 1980 Japan produced more cars than the United States, the computer industry also suffered a major development. Balance between trade imports and exports in Japan had a surplus for twenty years, which allowed substantial capital outflows in the long run. After some years and because of this Japan became one of the major creditor countries in the world. By the late 1987, Japanese investment abroad had reached a profit of twenty-three billion dollars. United States was the country where most of the investments were made, six hundred Japanese factories were based on American soil, about a hundred of which were electronics, automobiles or any other kind of technological machinery. The Meiji Restoration marked the beginning of modern Japanese society, introducing a process of modernization in a western manner. In the second half of the nineteenth century, the global triumph of capitalism, and the ideas and beliefs that seemed to legitimize it, were moving certain regions of the world (apart from the west) towards this new set of ideas. Resistance to outside pressure did never occur, and modernization presented itself as the only means towards conservation and tradition. For a hundred years, the conflict on whether to live by an Asian fashion or by modern Western fashion was a constant theme of Japanese society. The first move towards modernization took place during the Meiji Revolution: Westernization was the driving force for the transformation of Japan, since the West had the key to success and therefore, the rest had to imitate them. Almost every event that took place since 1945, seemed to strengthen the trend towards modern Parliamentary Democracy; the government bureaucratic structure, trade unions, the education system, etc. Everything had its origin in European and American culture and was imitated later on by other countries. Same happened in all aspects of daily life: buses and trains, offices and factories, television, newspaper, clothing, even food. On the other hand, I need to say that the code of ethics is still largely Confucian. Nor should we ignore religion as a link with tradition because, after the war, there has been a considerable rise of new religious movements, most of whom claim to have traditional backgrounds. These phenomena are not something â€Å"modern†, and certainly not Western. However, it may now make sense not to identify the Japanese as â€Å"Asians†. Much of the Japanese culture and tradition traces its origins to cultures outside of Japan, but these different habits had been so completely assimilated over time that had become in fact Japanese. It is in this sense why Japan cannot completely be defined as having an Asian identity; neither can it be framed within the set of traits defined by the West. Japan must be understood as a society with their own characteristics which constitute a nation economically and culturally unique. Bibliography: Gerlach, Michael L.. Alliance capitalism the social organization of Japanese business. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. Print. Marshall, Byron K.. Capitalism and nationalism in prewar Japan; the ideology of the business elite, 1868-1941. Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 1967. Print. Sakakibara, Eisuke. Beyond capitalism: the Japanese model of market economics. Lanham, MD: University Press Of America, 1993. Print. â€Å"Shinto (religion) — Britannica Online Encyclopedia. † Encyclopedia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 28 March. 2011. http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/540856/Shinto. Tavares, Maria da Conceicao, Ernani Teixeira Filho, y Leonardo Burlamaqui. Japon: un caso ejemplar de capitalismo organizado. Santiago de Chile: CEPAL, Comision Economica rica Latina y el Caribe, 1993. Print. Meiji Restoration (Japanese history) — Britannica Online Encyclopedia. † Encyclopedia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 1 Apr. 2011. http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/373305/Meiji-Restoration. â€Å"Meiji Restoration/Revolution in Japan. San Jose State University – Powering Silicon Valley. Web. 2 Apr. 2011. http://www. sjsu. edu/faculty/watkins/meiji. htm. ——————————————– [ 2 ]. â€Å"Meiji Restoration/Revolution in Japan. † San Jose State University – Powering Silicon Valley. Web. 2 Apr. 2011. . [ 3 ]. Tavares, Maria da Conceicao, Ernani Te ixeira Filho, y Leonardo Burlamaqui. Japon: un caso ejemplar de capitalismo organizado. Santiago de Chile: CEPAL, Comision Economica rica Latina y el Caribe, 1993. Print. [ 4 ]. Gerlach, Michael L.. Alliance capitalism the social organization of Japanese business. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. Print. [ 5 ]. Marshall, Byron K.. Capitalism and nationalism in prewar Japan; the ideology of the business elite, 1868-1941. Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 1967. Print. [ 6 ]. Marshall, Byron K.. Capitalism and nationalism in prewar Japan; the ideology of the business elite, 1868-1941. Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 1967. Print. [ 7 ]. Tavares, Maria da Conceicao, Ernani Teixeira Filho, y Leonardo Burlamaqui. Japon: un caso ejemplar de capitalismo organizado. Santiago de Chile: CEPAL, Comision Economica rica Latina y el Caribe, 1993. Print. [ 8 ]. â€Å"Shinto (religion) — Britannica Online Encyclopedia. † Encyclopedia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 28 March. 2011. . [ 9 ]. Sakakibara, Eisuke. Beyond capitalism: the Japanese model of market economics. Lanham, MD: University Press Of America, 1993. Print. [ 10 ]. â€Å"Meiji Restoration (Japanese history) — Britannica Online Encyclopedia. † Encyclopedia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 1 Apr. 2011. How to cite Japan and Capitalism, Essay examples

The Leaders, Their Characteristics and Traits

It is believed that the end result of every activity is determined by the way of the leadership style. Leadership is a mere word which requires a lot grace to achieve it. Due to lack of leadership style, many activities have ended up to a fall. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Leaders, Their Characteristics and Traits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is said that leadership style manipulates the height of motivation. On the other hand, in lifetime, man’s inspiration is categorized by the leadership style he/she is under. This is why leadership and motivation go hand on hand. Leadership style depends on the leader who is leading the organization. It is examined that if a leadership is poor, it affects both the organization as well as the members of staff. The research done adds to say â€Å"Command-and-control leadership drains off ambition while members of staff responsibility increases ambitionâ⠂¬ . Command and control leadership is the prime style in every culture. This is accepted because of its efficiency that is created the cyclic actions hence coaching people on how to deal with change. In many organizations, the management is influenced a lot by the way of leadership styles. Many changes brought by leadership are causing both balance and imbalance in organizations hence causing instabilities and later a fall of the organization. For this reason, you will find members of the staff are not all who with stand the leadership style brought by their leader. The reason behind this is that leadership style can either motivate some members or abusing others. It is for these reasons why a good leadership is required. What makes a good leader is laid on the organizational perspective. Mounting leadership prospective involves corresponding personality aptitudes with organizational necessitate, and build talents that both improve appearance and play to traits power. The organ ization perspective enables the strength of a good leadership like Quick Thinking, Responsibility, Teamwork, and Strength among others. In order to retain a good leadership, you must make sure you have adhered to these factors.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In building up a good leadership, some characteristics should be adhered to. First you must be someone who can raise opinions which will favor every member of the organization. Secondly you must be someone who can establish the moral structure within an organization. This builds up a cool environment in the organization hence generating trust and honesty to the members who in turn carry out your vision. It is also said that in order to be a good leader you must be a developer. This brings about generating an exhilarating place of work and learning. Finally to be a good leader must be integrators. This helps in cooling down any alarming situation in the members hence improving the standard of the environment. In 1954, Raymond Cattell, the leader in the field of traits evaluation, came up with the leadership potential equation. Although the equation was based on militaries leaders, is nowadays used to find out the traits which characterize a potential leader. So far, a number of effective traits of a leader have already been indentified. To start with, a superior leader is required to be capable to stand frustration and stress. In general, they are required to be stable and have the psychological maturity to handle anything that happens to face them. Second, a good leader must be aggressive and influential and generally enjoy every overcoming obstacle. It is also said that a good leader should not only be active but the activeness should be seen by everyone. In general, they must be quick and alert. A good leader should also be conscientiousness, social boldness, tough-mindedness, self-assuranc e and finally compulsiveness. If all these traits are in the leader, definitely without any doubt he /she will be a perfect leader.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Leaders, Their Characteristics and Traits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Away from these traits, today’s leaders must also capture traits which will assist them in inspiring others and piloting them in innovative directions. Leaders of tomorrow must also be capable to envisage the future and induce others that their idea is worth successive. This statement is supported by the strong work force of the personality traits like high energy, mellowness, sympathy, and magnetism. These personalities’ traits play a great role in shaping the capable and the incapables in leading others. In doing all these, there should also be given the room of understanding that the world is changing with new technology and ideas especially leaders who a re highly knowledgeable. Conclusion It is believed that the end result of every activity is determined by the way of the leadership style. Leadership is determined by how the leader is trained. If the leader is not qualified then the organization in which he/she is supervising won’t grow. It is also said that the members of the organizations will as well not enjoy in their duties. Good leadership is required in every organization for its growth. Both the good characteristics of the leaders and the traits help a lot to determine the growth of the organization. If a good leadership is adhered every organization will enjoy its fruits. This essay on The Leaders, Their Characteristics and Traits was written and submitted by user Gideon Hull to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.